Total of 15 Discussion Topics.
Every topic should be in a separate document .
Each Topic should have 2 paragraphs [1st Paragraph- Initial Post & 2nd Paragraph – Secondary Post]
Each Topic should have an Initial Post of 300 Words with references.
And A Secondary Post of 200 words as a response to the provided answer.
Make sure no Plagiarism.
Discussion 1 TOPIC
As a junior congress person you have been asked to help promote a bill to allow casino gambling in your state. There is much opposition to this bill. Using distributive bargaining, discuss the pros and cons which might arise toward the passing or defeating of this bill.
INITIAL POST
A 300 word for initial post must be posted to the discussion forum.
Secondary POST
Please write a response to below answer for 200 words:
Answer:
Gambling is the wagering of money on an event with an uncertain outcome with a primary intent to win money. It’s a major international commercial activity. When gambling is legalized it then comes under the gaming company control, for example, the “Nevada Gaming Control Board”. Sociologists argue about it, economists argue about it and your parents would probably argue about it. It really is a polarizing subject – but it needn’t be. People like to bet and will continue to do so whether it’s legal or not. (Kevin Horridge, -2015)
Pros of passing the bill to allow casinos:
1. The employment rate and the minimum wage would increase. Casinos would attract tourists from all over the world and create jobs for the local community. Casinos produce well-paying jobs in the range of $60,000 annually which increase the minimum wages levels (Joan Walters, -2012).
2. Income and Tax benefits to the state. Casino taxes make it easier for politicians to avoid spending cuts or other tax increases.
Cons due to restricting casinos in the state:
1. An increase in crime rate was observed due to people becoming gambling addicts.
2. Industry Cannibalization was a consequence of casinos establishment.
3. Problem Gambling
Inference: Even though problem gambling seems to be a serious consequence of legalized gambling (less than 1% of the population), the rate has never really increased over the years. There are claims that casinos hurt small businesses because casinos have now developed into fully contained complexes with their own hotels, restaurants and shopping malls. How many small and local businesses get shut down after Wal-Mart moves into town.
Problem gaming can lead to an increase in the crime rate when the addicts turn to steal to aid their habit. People who struggle with problem gambling are most likely struggling in other areas of their lives and may need counseling and dedicated support. However, when has made something illegal stopped anyone with an addiction? My suggestion would be passing the bill to establish Casinos would create a money ripple which would aid the state’s development at a faster rate.
Discussion 2 TOPIC
What are four important tactical tasks for a negotiator in a distributive situation to consider?
INITIAL POST
A 300 word for initial post must be posted to the discussion forum.
Secondary POST
Please write a response to below answer for 200 words:
Answer:
There are four significant strategic tasks available for a negotiator in a distributive bargaining situation
Assess the restricting party’s primary target, its opposition constrain and the plausible cost of ending the arrangements. Indirect appraisal alludes to learning what data the other party, conceivably utilizes as, set targets. These inferred markers fill in as a base to the contradicting gathering’s opposition point, which can incorporate their reference of records, their perceptions of the subject, and the specialists their identity counseling. Be that as it may, in the immediate appraisal, in a distributive haggling, the restricting party does not reveal any obvious data about their opposition limits, result esteems, and their expectations.
·Manipulating the contradicting gathering’s impression of the moderator’s target, opposition restrict, and the cost of ending the arrangement. In this strategy, the mediator, truth be told, lets the adversary frame a thought that the arbitrator dishonestly gives. The mediator barely ever voices his goals and interests, and the data is generally gone on through the non-verbal channel. In this computerized time, where there is a flood of data, the moderator deals with the insight through a particular screening (Jagodzinka, 2006). Regularly, exceptional feelings communicated amid a transaction may prompt a programmed halt. Understanding, that feeling in a distributive haggling strategy has its impact on both the gatherings, a few moderators apply feelings as a system to control a transaction. They put on a show to be furious and emotionless to impact the arrangement to support them.
Reshape the contradicting gathering’s comprehension of their own targets, opposition focuses, and the cost of ending the arrangement. One of the essential moves in the logical way to deal with the arrangements incorporates impression administration. As an initial step, the moderator makes an impression or of himself according to the contradicting party, at that point utilizes that impression or picture to impact the transaction. This technique for impression administration helps in relinquishing the inabilities to think straight that are instrumental in arrangement disappointment (Jagodzinka, 2006).
Discussion 3 TOPIC
Your state has a forthcoming referendum concerning no smoking in public places including bars and restaurants. Follow the ten steps on negotiation planning.
INITIAL POST
A 300 word for initial post must be posted to the discussion forum.
Secondary POST
Please write a response to below answer for 200 words:
Answer:
Negotiator stays on track and fights until the end. Preparation is inevitable as to learn the extent to which the opposition is determined to defend us. List out the ill effects of public smoking such as the adverse effect on passive or non-smokers, gather the potential diseases passive smokers could get as a result smoking in public like Asthma, Bronchitis, cancer etc. The negotiator should manage oneself by being prepared for the worst and should make the opposition empathize with him. By listing out all the ill effects of smoking in public, one can gain attention and focus on all his points thereby succeeding in the endeavor.
The negotiator should know the level of information to share to attract necessary attention to his side to gain more supporters. In our case, the person supporting the ban has more points to list as opposed to the one who doesn’t want the ban to take effect. Even medical researchers organized around smoking and smokers broadcast more negative effects than positive, this could be a good source of truth as most of these researchers are acknowledge by different universities and scholarship organizations. Beware, one should not share the actual value they gain before sharing all the necessary information in supportive of them.
Identify a possible deadline that results in minimum cost and proposes all changes surrounding this time to obtain maximum benefit. One example I experienced was at my previous University were ban to all forms of smoking within the campus took effect before the next new batch of students came in. This had maximum benefits as newcomers never had a chance to practice smoking on premises and were informed from the Day 1 about the smoke-free campus.
This is an important referendum with far-reaching good effects on the health of non-smokers who had been facing passive smoking, otherwise on general awareness on the risks of smoking on the health of the smokers.
This referendum should be made more and more popular so that maximum people cast their opinion in this referendum.
The public policies based on such referendums shall be for the benefits of all. It may be proposed for increased penalties for smoking in public places.
Till now the bars and restaurants used to have separate zones for non-smokers and smokers, but this does not guarantee a safe smokeless space for many non-smokers as non-smokers accompanying a smoker may have to sit in the area for smokers.
Discussion 4 TOPIC
I. Understanding the Flow of Negotiations: Stages and Phases
A. The typical steps or flow in a negotiation can be found in the phase models of negotiation:
1. Initiation.
2. Problem solving.
3. Resolution.
Defines these three phases and give a thorough example of each.
INITIAL POST
A 300 word for initial post must be posted to the discussion forum.
Secondary POST
Please write a response to below answer for 200 words:
Answer:
Based on my understanding from the article by (Wertheim) and my experience, I am explaining these three phases in a generalized fashion as these are required irrespective to the situation.
Initiation always includes understanding problem and the planning on how to solve the problem. Process starts with the understanding what the problem is, followed by the scope of the problem which includes the boundaries and then plan for activities and how can we achieve that is, one must do a lot ground work that includes brain-storming and cognitive skills to create requirements that will transform into tasks and these tasks when completed as expected, it will resolve the problem.
Problem Solving – Though if we perform the activities as planned, we still impediments and we have to work to understand the cause the impediments and work towards eliminating the impediments and also there will be scope creep and hence we have to understand thoroughly what the scope is, and have to work as required with concerned parties to solve the problem.
Resolution – When we solve a problem, the solution can be offered as a service or a product.
In a nutshell, Initiation requires planning and creating tasks. Problem solving and resolution goes hand in hand as if we solve, we will derive to the resolution.
Discussion 5 TOPIC
Each of us perceives “ethics” from our own point of reference as to what is or is not ethical. This assignment asks you to consider ethics and whistleblowers. Select one of the behaviors listed below for your discussion posting. Base your posting on your relationship with the “unethical person” and any risk involved in “whistle blowing”.
1. Stealing from an employer
2. Falsifying a time sheet
3. Padding an expense account
4. Falsifying any document or record
5. Lying about the conduct of a co-worker
INITIAL POST
A 300 word for initial post must be posted to the discussion forum.
Secondary POST
Please write a response to below answer for 200 words:
Answer:
Stealing from an employer :
Stealing from an employer causes financial loss to business. Potential causes for stealing is due to company culture, unethical office behavior and unethical personal characters. Study shows that scarcity of resources can be be one of the reason for unethical behavior in business environment. The degree of stealing is also proportion to the degree on unequal pay in the workplace.
Employee steals things in many ways such as stealing office suppliers, falsifying documents, and long vacation to steal important information. Every year lump some money is lost due to employee stealing company’s resources. It includes all scales on businesses and all scales of stealing. Usually old employees tend to steal from company.
Whistle blowing is process of informing unethical practices and behavior within organization in order to make it right.
Whistle blowing backfire on the whistle blower sometime. Sometimes employer fires the blower and other companies don’t want to take risk to hire whistle blower. It has legal consequences. Whistle blowing can lead to un-trusty environment in the workplace. It may need to face resentment from colleagues and management. There is a law protection for whistle blower, but still whistle blower needs to go through tough situation as mentioned above.
To mitigate the whistle blowing risk, company can arrange whistle specific training for it’s employees, break divisional silos, conduct fair practice of in detail investigation and reporting, making sure whistle blower is protected by all means during the investigation, and communicate and follow ethical policies.
Discussion 6 TOPIC
In a hostage crisis, is it ethical for a government to agree to grant a terrorist immunity if he releases the hostages, even though the government has every intention of capturing and prosecuting the terrorist once his hostages are released?
INITIAL POST
A 300 word for initial post must be posted to the discussion forum.
Secondary POST
Please write a response to below answer for 200 words:
Answer:
At the time of crises, especially a terrorist attack, the government is at the pressure from the public to secure the hostages in the scene of crime. This makes the government to diverse several means such as the use of force or deciding to go the peaceful. When it comes to the peaceful approach, the government will negotiate with the terrorists whereby in most cases the terrorist will give the conditions for them to release the hostages. In this line of thought, the controversial question comes as to whether the government should agree to grant the terrorists freedom for them to release the terrorists. This is an ethical question which is subjective in nature as everybody will have a different opinion.
From my own views, if the terrorists will absolutely agree to release the hostages, I think this will be the way to go. This because, the hostages might be parents who have families and therefore their continued custody might have a long-chain impact which might be detrimental. Furthermore, it is good to consider that the government is obligated to protect its citizens as directed by the constitution. Therefore, at the time of crises, the government is supposed to give the safety of its citizens the priority as this is what it is elected to do. However, while negotiating for the safety of its citizens the government should be having an underground plan on how to capture the terrorists once the hostages are released Evans., P. (2006). Therefore, this question cannot have an explicit answer as to whether it is ethical or not without having to consider whether the government has another plan of capturing the released hostages. However, in an ideal situation whereby we consider the choice between the hostages being released and the terrorist escaping, I think it is ethical for the government to rule in favor of the citizens. However, this will be based on the benefit of doubt that the terrorists will not carry out another attack without them being captured.
Discussion 7 TOPIC
Students are to observe two or more adults unknown to the observer. The student must not be able to hear the subjects being observed and those being observed must not be wearing a uniform of any kind as this would provide information about their occupation to the observer. Students must describe the environment and the people being observed, i.e., age, gender, dress, etc. Discuss the nonverbal communication, i.e. eye contact, body position and any other nonverbal behavior. Provide your interpretation of the relationship between those being observed. Be very discrete and do not have a conversation with those being observed
INITIAL POST
A 300 word for initial post must be posted to the discussion forum.
Secondary POST
Please write a response to below answer for 200 words:
Answer:
Nonverbal correspondence is the correspondence of accepting and sending silent pieces of information. Outward appearance can indicate how data is passed on with grimace or grin. The look from the face is what is taken a gander at even before the data is found out about. Motions are utilized signals without giving out words like pointing, waving, and utilizing fingers. Different kinds of nonverbal correspondence incorporate proxemics, non-verbal communication, and stance (Kidwell, & Hasford, 2014).
One day I was sitting in a food court to eat and I chose to take a hot chocolate. While relaxing on the couch there I had a chance to watch two adults in a neighborhood store. These two individuals were a male and a female who were around 50 to 60 years as per their looks. The male was seated alone at a table and was getting a charge out of some juice and a few bites which I barely perceived. He wore a decent suit and a tie that demonstrating he may have been working in a corporate company. Moreover, he seemed formed and did not uncover any indication of being in a rush. Truth be told, he spent almost around thirty minutes at the table, and he tasted his juice gradually before coming back to his telephone and continued with what seemed like an intriguing outline because of his consistent grins. The other individual was a woman who sat in the organization of other ladies, she showed up somewhat overweight yet was chopping down weight as prove by the measure of drink she held engraved with the words i.e. Trim and Fit. Not at all like, the male, she gave off an impression of being in an outrageous rush and spent under five minutes at the table. I selected to take after her nearly as she cleared out the eatery and understood that she rapidly got a taxi and continued to an obscure goal. Be that as it may, from her motions, I could tell that she was truly in a rush to get someplace. I peeped back at the eatery and kept watching the respectable man at a separation. After around fifteen minutes he stood up, strolled to the clerk, gave her some money and left in the wake of trading a chuckle. One could tell that the two were not meeting out of the blue. He at that point continued to the stopping remained by a Prado before alluring on his drive to open the left entryway. I could really tell that he was genuinely rich from his activities.
Discussion 8 TOPIC
Chapter 6 discusses four types of perceptual distortions: stereotyping, halo effects, selective perception, and projection. Define each of these and provide an example.
INITIAL POST
A 300 word for initial post must be posted to the discussion forum.
Secondary POST
Please write a response to below answer for 200 words:
Answer:
Stereotyping refers to the ability to generate information about social groups. This social groups can be viewed by race and/or gender and it specifies on stable personality traits. This type of perceptual distortion is often found under a lot of controversy since groups are attributed solely based on their demographic (Cuddy, 2009). Common stereotypes can be found anywhere, and they can be racial, gender, and/or cultural for instance. One example of stereotyping is when people tend to state common stereotypes of men and women by saying “women cannot do as good of a job as a man.”
Halo effects exists when judgement is placed based on a single characteristic. This type of perceptual distortion uses one trait to define and/or evaluate other features. Normally, halo effects tend to judge based of characteristics such as posture, speech, appearance, among other things (Teryima & Anna, 2016). One common halo effect in the workplace is when good looking people create judgments of their performance capabilities. For instance, attractive people seem to be confident and capable and this scenario does not necessarily translate to their job functions.
Selective perception is a process that is often related to isolation and it exposes individuals who only perceive what they want to while overlooking other characteristics. Most of the time, individuals who are victims of it tend to follow data and/or stimuli that opposes their beliefs (Klein, 2006). One example of selective perception is when you support a political party based on your beliefs but fails to bring any changes to society.
Discussion 9 TOPIC
Select four people currently in the media and discuss their exertion of one of the sources of power. Students must cover all four of the sources of power discussed on page 263 of your textbook. Apply only one source of power to each of the four people selected
INITIAL POST
A 300 word for initial post must be posted to the discussion forum.
Secondary POST
Please write a response to below answer for 200 words:
Answer:
Google CEO: Sundar pichai, Position based power- Sundar pichai was CEO of Google in 2015. Having the highest position in the company, he has the legal authority to make strategic and tactical decisions for the company. He may hire or dismiss persons under his authority. He has the ability to control and steer the resources of the company in a specific direction. (Kiss, n.d.)
President of FIFA: Gianni Infantino, Relation based power- Gianni Infantino was selected as the president of FIFA after a series of scandals of his predecessors, whatever he does is better and the reason for coming to power was due to his relationship with others, now all the work he is doing is supported as the people who have selected him are always involved, he enjoys the referent power. (Panja, 2018)
Rainer Weiss: Information-based power, Rainer Wise won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2017 for his contribution to the detection of gravitational waves. He holds an informative power because of his knowledge and expertise in gravitational physics and astrophysics. He has the power to influence the thoughts and attitudes of others through his knowledge. (Gregersen, n.d.)
Discussion 10 TOPIC
Commitment: A Cautionary Tale and provide an example of this issue which has happened to you.
INITIAL POST
A 300 word for initial post must be posted to the discussion forum.
Secondary POST
Please write a response to below answer for 200 words:
Answer:
As the article underscores, duty procedure is unavoidable in arrangements. Minor harmless understandings acquired through the span of the transaction will procure best results towards the end of an arrangement. Building up a responsibility and fulfillment to a client runs for getting more business to any firm.
Comparable occurrences as portrayed in the article are very basic in the present life. As far as I can tell, one of the activities I bolster was in its underlying stages where discourses around State of Work (SOW) that will be conveyed, Minimum feasible item, venture extension, and undertaking span was under talk. The merchant who was picked after the RFP and profile assessment process presented their underlying draft of their SOW for Phase I of the venture. It was a greater amount of an improvement venture imitating an application that is on the work area to the versatile stage. Since this seller had helped my organization in numerous different ventures, every one of that was considered amid the proposition and SOW assessment are material to cost coordinate and the time period. When this was assessed, the customer marked the agreement and the work started.
The accomplishment of any association is dictated by the capacity of its directors to stick to the responsibilities of any intercession. For example, if a director guarantees a lesser staff a compensation addition or advancement on the achievement of a given undertaking, it is judicious for the chief to satisfy that guarantee. Inability to satisfy duties can demotivate representatives in their work procedure. They may feel objectified up by the administration which may prompt a decrease in their profitability. A circumstance of this nature transpired while we were chipping away at a crucial task that had a strict due date. One of key staff surrendered without offering an adequate defense for the measure. The mission was on a genuine risk of overshooting another due date. After intense arrangements with the administrator, I concurred reluctantly to compensate for the misfortune by doing twofold the work on the guarantee of the compensation increase. After the finish of the venture, the manager never satisfied his side of the amazing deal. He referred to intense financial conditions to be the fundamental obstacle. I surrendered promptly because of the mortification. It is pivotal to maintain the responsibilities of an arrangement to dodge such examples
Discussion 11 TOPIC
Hypothetically speaking, you are assigned to a committee of three to decide on a dress code for Campbellsville University Staff and Faculty. Only two of the three votes are required to pass this policy. In this situation you are one of the two agreeing to a dress code. What steps might you take to gain the cooperation of the third party after the policy has been initiated.
INITIAL POST
A 300 word for initial post must be posted to the discussion forum.
Secondary POST
Please write a response to below answer for 200 words:
Answer:
Measures to make the third party co-operate after the policy has been initiated
Often when negotiating with people about something, we forget that the other person to has a vision or a point of view. Often in order to show the other person the beneficial side of something, we tend to completely impose our ideas and visions upon the other person sometimes knowingly and most of the times unknowingly. A balanced idea needs to be formed so that why a certain something can be beneficial to someone and how it helps a person in the long run instead of some of its drawbacks. In the case of Campbellsville University, the dress code of their staff and faculty is needed to be agreed upon (Dimopoulos & Moraitis, 2014). As I have already agreed upon it and I need to negotiate in order to convince the third party towards achieving the same. But for doing so I would be very careful firstly to note my idea of why I am for the notion. I would try to talk to the third party and get to know their views and if they have any doubts regarding the dress code or any sort of objections regarding it. I would then try to find why the third party has those objections in the first place and if they have questions in mind, I would try to clear their doubts. I would put myself in their position and try to understand and read through the lines as to what sort of assurance or benefits they are searching from this particular notion. I would then try to search and provide solutions in a way where their ideologies and the notion which I am trying to convince them for can both win or go hand in hand (Barry, Lewicki & Saunders, 2014).
Discussion 12 TOPIC
Define and briefly discuss the following brainstorming techniques, the delphi technique, brainstorming, or nominal group technique.
INITIAL POST
A 300 word for initial post must be posted to the discussion forum.
Secondary POST
Please write a response to below answer for 200 words:
Answer:
Brainstorming encourages people to come up with ideas that can be meaningful or logical. Many ideas may spark many few more ideas. It helps people to be disconcerted by giving a ” jolting ” to common ways of thinking. At the initial stage, no idea is estimated, but concerns about thoughts are allowed to be discussed. (Gregersen, 2018)
Nominal group technique is used when some group members are much more vocal than others. Also meeting initiator thinks that some members are not participating. When the no of ideas generated are less or topic is controversial. Here, all members are given some time and asked to write down the ideas. Then, each of them is asked to provide their idea. No discussion will happen. Any member can pass his turn but eventually has to provide some idea. Once all ideas are stated, each idea can be taken for consideration but initiator should ensure no arguments take place and all concerns are addressed. Vocal level should be considered as basis for support of any idea.
Delphi technology is a widely used and approved method for collecting data from special respondents in their field. This technique was formulated as a collective communication process designed to deal with the convergence of opinions on all issues. Delphi technology is a way to reach consensus using a series of questionnaires across many iterations.
Discussion 13 TOPIC
During the course of your employment you may have experienced working for both a male and female supervisor. Discuss from your personal point of view the advantages/disadvantages and like/dislike of working for each gender. Use real life experiences if applicable
INITIAL POST
A 300 word for initial post must be posted to the discussion forum.
Secondary POST
Please write a response to below answer for 200 words:
Answer:
When it comes to playing the role of an employer, gender plays less role since both are worried towards the development of the organization and help in enhancing the execution, settling on successful and educated choices and the equivalent rights and openings are given to every one of the individuals. Be it a male manager or a female boss, they submit to the strategies and dependably consider guiding the organization at the highest dimension. The working style of both genders was commonly unique not same.
In my professional career, I got an opportunity to work with both female and male managers. From my own involvement, I am expressing a portion of the points of interest and burdens of both gender directors.
The male supervisor never thinks about the relaxation which we spend while we at work. He just checks the given errand was done at ideal time or not but rather the female manager won’t permit additional time other than lunch regardless of whether we don’t work at the work area. I feel this is a hindrance for a female manager.
The male manager isn’t that well-disposed while contrasting with the ladies chief. Ladies manager will see whether the representative is feeling admirably to do work or not but rather men don’t make a big deal about it. I feel this is an inconvenience to the male manager.
I feel male chief was permitted to take decision than a female director. Multi-day I should work anyway he required in perspective of an overabundance of outstanding task at hand. I utilize development by transport. He called me and paid for my vehicle with a taxi. He took that decision instantly on the phone rather than my female boss. She won’t do it that easily.
To my general work involvement, I feel exceptionally great by working with a male manager as opposed to working with female manager.
Discussion 14 TOPIC
What types of differences exist between men and women in negotiation?
INITIAL POST
A 300 word for initial post must be posted to the discussion forum.
Secondary POST
Please write a response to below answer for 200 words:
Answer:
Research studies shows that differences due exist between men and women in negotiation and this attitude is due to biologic, psychological and may be due to social differences.(Wyatt, 1999).Research studies showed that usually men are more aggressive due to their biochemical and biologic differences and it is same in the negotiation process as well .
Research showed that women have greater breadth of interests and managerial women show less confidence than men when anticipating negotiation and will be less satisfied with their performance when negotiation is done (Wyatt, 1999).This is not due to the fact about the ability but due to their biological and biochemical structure.
When comparing men and women in preparing and planning phase of negotiation, research shows that woman take things personally than men and woman use her socialization experiences to her advantage and builds a relationship and this may positively effect productivity and competitive edge. Body language plays a key role in negotiation and often men stand with their feet apart and interpreted as aggressive and women stand with their feet close which shows submissiveness. This is one other difference in negotiation.